防风通圣散

◎方  名：防风通圣散（表里之剂）

   总  结：表里俱实                                                               

   编  号：005                                                                    

   组  成：防风、荆芥、薄荷、麻黄、大黄、芒硝、山栀子、滑石、桔梗、石膏、黄芩、连翘、当归、川芎、白芍、白朮、甘草、生姜、白                         

   主  治：1.治一切风寒暑湿，饥饱劳役，内外诸邪所伤。                             

           2.气血怫郁，表里三焦俱实，憎寒壮热。                                   

           3.头目昏运，目赤睛痛，耳鸣鼻塞，口苦舌干，咽喉不利，唾涕稠黏，咳嗽上气。                                                                   

           4.大便秘结，小便赤涩。                                                 

           5.疮疡肿毒，折跌损伤，瘀血便血，肠风痔漏。                             

           6.手足瘛瘲，惊狂谵妄，丹斑瘾疹。                                       

   加  减：(1)白利去硝黄。                                                        

           (2)自汗去麻黄，加桂枝。                                                

           (3)涎嗽加姜制半夏。                                                    

   归  经：此足太阳阳明表里血气药也。                                             

   方  义：(1)防风﹑荆介﹑薄荷﹑麻黄，轻浮升散，解表散寒，使风热从汗出而散之于上。 大黄﹑芒硝，破结通幽；栀子﹑滑石降火利水；使风热从便出而泄之于下 。风淫于内，肺胃受邪，桔梗﹑石膏清肺泻胃。风为之患，肝木受之，川芎﹑归﹑芍，和血补肝。黄芩清中上之火。连翘散气聚血凝。甘草缓峻  而和中。 白朮健脾而燥湿。                                                    

           (2)上下分消，表里交治，而能散泻之中，犹寓温养之意，所以汗不伤表，不下伤里也。                                                             

   变化方：(1)本方再加人参补气，熟地益血，黄柏﹑黄连除热，羌活﹑独活﹑天麻﹑细辛﹑全蝎祛风，蜜丸弹子大，每服一丸，茶酒任下，名祛风至宝丹。                

           (2)本方除大黄﹑芒硝，名双解散。                                        

   炮  制：大黄酒蒸，山栀炒黑。                                                   

   煎服法：加生姜﹑白煎。                                                       

   来  源：河间