平胃散

◎方  名：平胃散（消导之剂）

   总  结：利湿散满                                                               

   编  号：001                                                                    

   组  成：陈皮、厚朴、炙甘草、苍朮                                               

   主  治：1.治脾有停湿，痰饮痞膈，宿食不消，满闷呕泻。

           2.及山岚瘴雾，不服水土。

   加  减：(1)伤食加神曲、麦芽，或枳实。                                          

           (2)湿胜加五苓。                                                        

           (3)脾倦不思食加参、耆。                                                

           (4)伤寒头痛加葱豉，取微汁。                                            

           (5)痞闷加枳壳、木香。                                                  

           (6)大便秘加大黄、芒硝。                                                

           (7)痰多加半夏。                                                        

           (8)小便赤涩加苓、泻。                                                  

   归  经：足太阴、阳明药。                                                       

   方  义：(1)陈皮─辛温，利气而行痰。                                            

           (2)厚朴─苦温，除湿而散满。                                            

           (3)甘草─中州主药，能补能和，蜜炙为使。                                

           (4)苍朮─辛烈，燥湿而强脾。                                            

           (5)泄中有补，务令湿土底于和平也。                                      

   变化方：(1)本方加藿香、半夏，名「藿香平胃散」，又名「不换金正气散」，治胃寒    

           腹痛呕吐，及瘴疫湿疟。　再加人参、茯苓、草果、生姜、乌梅，名「人参养   

           胃汤」，治外感风寒，内伤生冷，夹食停痰，岚瘴瘟疫，或饮食伤脾，发为痎   

           疟。                                                                   

           (2)本方合二陈，加藿香，名「除湿汤」，治伤湿腹痛，身重，足，大便溏    

           泻。                                                                   

           (3)本方加本、枳壳、桔梗，名「和解散」，治四时伤寒头痛，烦燥自汗，    

           咳嗽吐利。                                                             

           (4)本方一两，加桑白皮一两，名「对金饮子」，治脾胃受湿，腹胀身重，饮    

           食不进，肢酸肤肿。                                                     

           (5)本方除苍朮，加木香、草蔻、干姜、茯苓，名「厚朴温中汤」，治脾胃虚    

           寒，心腹胀满，及秋冬客寒犯胃，时作疼痛。                               

           (6)本方加麦芽、炒曲，名「加味平胃散」，治宿食不消，吞酸嗳臭。          

   煎服法：加姜、枣煎。                                                           

   来  源：局方